Camp abatement. It’s not a new summer opportunity for your kids, instead it’s the surprisingly complicated issue of how our community deals with camps established by our homeless population on municipal lands. As background information, last year the Assembly approved an ordinance that allowed for the Anchorage Police Department to post notices at illegal camp sites and for eviction (removal) to commence 12 hours later. But that’s not how the law has been employed.
Instead the eviction and removal process generally doesn’t begin until at least several days after notice is posted. And, in fact, it appears most campers move prior to the eviction process. But the possibility that only 12 hours might be permitted, along with circumstances where homeless residents have lost items of value to them, prompted a law suit on behalf of such individuals. What’s followed is an interesting combination of agreements and disagreements on public policy and legal matters. Let’s start with the former first.
From a public policy perspective the effort is to balance all residents’ right to enjoy public spaces free from either the concern that someone else is using them semi-permanently or that someone else using them poses a danger (to themselves or others); versus respecting the rights, and human dignity, of those unfortunate enough to find themselves homeless.
(Brief aside: yes, I recognize that a portion of Anchorage’s homeless suffer their fate primarily due to poor decisions they’ve made in their lives. I would concurrently posit that at least as many of our homeless population find themselves in their position that, in slightly different circumstances, could befall any of us.)
And while I am frequently reminded that these camps are, by definition, illegal, I am also reminded that one way to mitigate the impact of camps is to give service providers in our non-profit community the opportunity to reach out to campers and provide the help they need. That effort takes time, acknowledgment of which gave birth to the administration’s proposal to offer a five-(business) day waiting period prior to disbanding camps.
“Not enough,” said some service providers and the local chapter of the ACLU, who seek 10 business days between posting and abatement, and thus a law suit was filed. In an effort to bridge the gap, I’ve proposed a seven-(business) day break (KTUU story here). While I consider that to be a fair approach I would acknowledge that it doesn’t fully address the gamut of legal issues raised by the aforementioned law suit, which leads us to the legal matters portion of the discussion.
Because talks between the ACLU and the municipal attorney’s office apparently broke down over the issue of a five- or ten-day waiting period the ACLU filed its suit, which is more expansive than that solitary issue, on behalf of a homeless gentleman “harmed” by municipal action. As that gentleman’s legal counsel the ACLU is obligated to zealously represent his interests and consequently, even if the public policy arm of the ACLU agreed with a seven-day standard, that doesn’t necessarily address the other aspects of the claim. Indeed, the ACLU sent a four-page letter detailing their perspective on the shortcomings in my version of the legislation. Further complicating matters is the municipal attorney’s response to the suit, which notes that the Assembly is expected to pass an ordinance with a different waiting period, meaning if we don’t do something at our June 22 meeting our position in the suit is weakened. And, of course, my limited discussions with colleagues indicate a variety of viewpoints on what action we should ultimately take.
As for myself, I think the Assembly should adopt a public policy that tries to strike an appropriate balance between the rights of the many and the rights of the few. If the court later tells us we failed we can return to the issue but trying to address every possible concern of one side or the other needlessly clutters municipal code and likely fails to appropriately balance competing interests.
With that, we’ll take up the issue tomorrow evening, so please let me know what thoughts you’d add to the conversation.
Regards,
Patrick
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Many cities have faced similar problems with homeless encampments. Effective strategies for permanent closing of encampments have been used in places such as Newport Beach, CA and Reno, NV. These strategies have a number of components, some of which we already do or are planning to do here in Anchorage:
-camp pre-visits to determine number of people there and what their special needs are
-collaboration with service providers to meet needs of the campers and find them alternate shelter. This latter part is quite important, as some courts have found that punishing someone for involuntary behavior (such as sleeping) is unconstitutional (see Jones v. City of Los Angeles). [A downside fo having this issue with the ACLU resolved by a court might be a finding that any enforcement of ordinances aimed at shutting down homeless camps is unconsitutional unless the Muni provides shelter for each and every one of them first.]
-providing the campers with written notice that they are violating the law, are subject to further law enforcement if they stay in the area, where their alternate shelter is, and when they must vacate the area.
-returning to the camp to issue citations to those still there, and telling them if they are still there after some later specified point they will be subject to arrest and siezure of their property.
-returning to the camp after the date of the second notice to arrest remaining campers and seize their property. The property is then stored for a period of time.
I do not see many negaitves to this sort of approach. As was pointed out in Patrick’s blog entry, the enforcement of the ordinance in reality is different than it is written, so what are the practical implications of giving the people two weeks to clear out? The experience of other cities has been that when multiple notices are given, there is ultimately little need for arresting anyone or seizing property because the campers tend to leave on their own. I support a process such as what I’ve described here, not because I am compassionate towards illegal campers, but because I would rather not see Muni resources wasted on a legal battle with the ACLU.
Comment: Sharon Chamard – 21. June 2010 @ 2:43 pm
I would hardly refer to Dr. Chamard’s comments as “snake oil,” but it is clear that the approach she prescribed in a January paper for the Center for Problem Oriented Policing hasn’t helped the municipality avoid lawsuits.
Comment: Geoffrey G. Humphreys – 21. June 2010 @ 11:28 pm
So can my friend and i go camping along the Chester Creek belt over the 4th of July weekend with no problems?
Comment: Jon Moope – 01. July 2010 @ 9:17 pm
My suggestion would be to charge illegal campers with a summary offense and then give them a period of time to remove their property. The period of time should vary, depending on the individual’s situation, hazards at the site and so forth. The prosecuting authority can decide whether the charge should be pursued.
Bona fide homeless individuals should of course be directed to shelter. I suggest this not because I think the municipality should seek to avoid lawsuits, but rather because I care about the homeless and those who live near homeless camps.
I am not a lawyer, and I would advise discussing the tradeoffs of various alternatives with the municipal attorney and other competent authorities.
Comment: Geoffrey G. Humphreys – 16. January 2011 @ 12:04 pm